Planting and Harvesting Calendula: When to Plant Calendula

When to Plant Calendula

Introduction

Calendula, also known as pot marigold, is a beautiful and versatile plant that is easy to grow and care for. It is a member of the Asteraceae family and has been used for centuries for its medicinal and culinary properties. In this article, we will explore the different aspects of planting calendula, from understanding the plant to harvesting and using it.

The information provided in this article is based on research and experience from plant experts and gardeners. If you’re interested in learning more about plant coaching and plant problems, visit plantcoachcenter.com.

Understanding Calendula

Calendula is a herbaceous annual plant that grows up to 60 cm tall. It has bright yellow or orange flowers that bloom from early summer to late fall. There are two main types of calendula: the common calendula (Calendula officinalis) and the pot marigold (Calendula arvensis). The common calendula is the most widely cultivated and has larger flowers than the pot marigold.

Historically, calendula has been used for its medicinal properties. It was used to treat wounds, inflammation, and other skin conditions. In culinary, calendula flowers were used as a substitute for saffron and added to soups, stews, and salads.

Preparing to Plant Calendula

Before planting calendula, there are a few things to keep in mind. Calendula prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. It can tolerate a wide range of soil pH but prefers a neutral to slightly alkaline soil. It is also important to choose a location that is protected from strong winds and frost.

To prepare the soil for planting calendula, till the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches and remove any weeds or debris. You can also add compost or well-rotted manure to the soil to improve its fertility. Calendula is a heavy feeder, so it’s important to provide it with adequate nutrients.

Aside from preparing the soil, it is also essential to choose the right location for planting calendula. It is recommended to plant calendula in a location that receives full sun to partial shade. Calendula can also tolerate different types of soil, but it prefers well-drained soil with a pH level of around 6.0 to 7.0. The ideal temperature for growing calendula is between 60-65°F. Calendula is not frost-tolerant and can be damaged by strong winds, so it is important to choose a location that is protected from these elements.

When selecting which calendula seeds to use, it is best to choose ones that are fresh and have not been stored for too long. Old seeds may have a reduced germination rate, which can affect the growth of the plant. If starting from seed, sow the seeds directly into the soil and cover them with a thin layer of soil. Water the soil lightly and keep it moist until the seeds germinate, which can take 7-14 days. Once the seedlings have grown to about 2 inches in height, thin them to a spacing of 8-12 inches apart.

When planting calendula transplants, be sure to plant them at the same spacing as the seedlings. Water the soil well after planting, and ensure that the plants receive adequate water throughout their growth period to prevent wilting and stress.

When to Plant Calendula

The best time to plant calendula depends on the climate and temperature of your region. In general, calendula can be planted in the spring or fall. In warmer regions, it can be planted in the fall for winter blooms. In colder regions, it is best to plant it in the spring after the last frost date.

The ideal temperature for planting calendula is between 60-65°F. If the temperature is too high, the plant may not germinate or may bolt quickly. If the temperature is too low, the plant may not grow properly.

The best time to plant calendula depends on your location. In most regions, it is best to plant calendula in the spring after the last frost date. In warmer regions, calendula can be planted in the fall for winter blooms. It is important to note that calendula is a cool-season plant and may not perform well in hot weather. If planting in the fall, be sure to plant at least six weeks before the first expected frost to allow adequate time for the plant to mature.

If you are unsure of the planting time for your location, you can consult a local gardening center or extension office for advice. They can provide you with information on the best time to plant calendula in your specific region.

Planting Calendula

Calendula can be grown from seeds or transplants. If you’re starting from seeds, sow them directly into the soil about 1/4 inch deep. Water the soil lightly and keep it moist until the seeds germinate, which can take 7-14 days. Once the seedlings have grown to about 2 inches in height, thin them to a spacing of 8-12 inches apart.

If you’re using transplants, plant them at the same spacing as the seedlings and water them well after planting. Calendula requires regular watering, especially during dry spells. Avoid overwatering, as this can cause root rot.

Common Problems and Solutions

Calendula is generally a low-maintenance plant, but it can be affected by pests and diseases. Some common pests that affect calendula include aphids, spider mites, and thrips. These pests can be controlled using natural remedies, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap.

Calendula can also be affected by diseases such as powdery mildew and root rot. To prevent these diseases, avoid overwatering and provide adequate air circulation around the plants. If the plants become infected, treat them with a fungicide or remove the affected parts of the plant.

Calendula can also be affected by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and root rot. Powdery mildew is a white, powdery substance that appears on the leaves of the plant. It can be treated with a fungicide or by removing the affected leaves from the plant. Root rot is caused by overwatering and can be prevented by ensuring that the soil is well-drained and that the plant does not sit in standing water.

In addition to pests and diseases, calendula can also suffer from nutrient deficiencies. Calendula requires adequate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to grow and produce healthy blooms. If your calendula plants are not growing properly or are producing small blooms, it may be a sign of a nutrient deficiency. Adding compost or a balanced fertilizer can help provide the plant with the necessary nutrients.

Harvesting and Using Calendula

Calendula flowers can be harvested when they are fully open and dry. Cut the flowers with a pair of scissors and remove any leaves or stems. You can dry the flowers by spreading them out on a clean, dry surface and leaving them to air dry for 1-2 weeks.

Once the flowers are dry, you can use them for a variety of purposes. Calendula flowers can be used to make tea, infused oil, or salve for skincare. They can also be added to soups, stews, and salads for a pop of color and flavor.

It is important to note that while calendula is generally considered safe, some people may have an allergic reaction to it. If you are allergic to plants in the Asteraceae family, such as ragweed or chamomile, you may also be allergic to calendula. It is always a good idea to do a patch test before using calendula products on your skin.

In addition to its medicinal and culinary uses, calendula can also be used for ornamental purposes. Its bright and colorful flowers can add a pop of color to any garden or landscape. Calendula also attracts beneficial insects such as bees and butterflies, making it a great addition to pollinator gardens.